Theoretically, do not use broom with monoamine oxidase inhibitors and cardiovascular medicines.( Duke 2003)ĬYP2D6 inhibitors (strong): CYP2D6 inhibitors (strong) may increase the serum concentration of broom. There are documented adverse effects broom contains sparteine, a powerful oxytocic compound. Blumenthal 2000, Duke 2003 Pregnancy / LactationĪvoid use. Extracts and tinctures have also been prepared. Traditional dosing used 1 tsp of the chopped flower shoots in water 3 to 4 times a day or 1 to 1.5 g of the dried herb. There is no recent clinical evidence to guide dosing.
Li 2013 However, sparteine caused neuronal cell death in rodent experiments. In vitro studies evaluating the effect of individual chemical constituents have been undertaken.Ĭytisine extracted from the plant seeds has been evaluated for activity in attenuating inflammation via inhibition of T-cell activity, and protection against decreased striatal dopamine tissue levels of relevance in Parkinson disease. Duke 2003, Kurihara 1980, Thompson-Evans 2011, Wink 1983 Uses and PharmacologyĬlinical studies with whole plant extract or parts are generally lacking. Tyramine has been identified in the flowering parts along with flavonoids, isoflavones, and other constituents. The seeds contain the toxic alkaloid cytisine (similar in structure to nicotine), sitosterol, genistein, and linoleic acid. The compounds chrysanthemexanthin, dopamine, epinine, furfurol, tyrosine, luteolin, orientin, quercetin, scoparin, and tyramine have been identified in the plant parts. Related alkaloids have also been isolated. It is found in the floral parts of the plant in concentrations ranging up to 0.22%, but possibly exceeding 1.5% in other parts. The main alkaloid in the plant is sparteine. Blumenthal 2000, Duke 2003, Tyler 1987 Chemistry In homeopathy, extracts of the plant are used for the management of arrhythmias, congestion of the head and throat, and occasionally for diphtheria. The plant has been touted as a potential drug of abuse or "legal high." Before the advent of hops, the tender green tops were used to impart bitterness and to increase the intoxicating effects of beer. Sparteine, an alkaloid found in broom, was once used as a labor inducer and antiarrhythmic, but it has now been abandoned for safer compounds. Large doses of the extract were used as an emetic. In early North American traditional medicine, a fluid extract of broom was used as a cathartic and diuretic. USDA 2014, Weber 2009 Synonyms include Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimm. The flower buds were used as a caper substitute. The branches of the plant have been used in making brooms, thatching, and screens, and the bark as rope and in tanning. The plant blossoms from March to June and bears golden-yellow flowers, with 2.5 to 5 cm long, flat seed pods appearing later. It is often used as an outdoor ornamental to hold steep, barren banks in place against erosion. The plant grows as a deciduous bush up to 1.8 m tall and possesses 5-sided, greenish, rod-like twigs with small leaves. It grows throughout the United States along the eastern coastline and across the Pacific Northwest and is considered a noxious weed in some states. Scientific Familyīroom is native to central and southern Europe. The plant is considered toxic to livestock. Long-term use of sparteine has been associated with twitching and hyperreflexia, dysphagia, and pyramidal effects. Toxic effects include weakness, blurred vision, loss of coordination, dysrhythmias, nausea, and vomiting. Adverse ReactionsĬardiovascular and CNS effects have been described. Monitor therapy if broom is administered with drugs that are CYP2D6 inhibitors. ContraindicationsĬontraindicated in pregnancy and cardiomyopathies, including hypertension. Clinical Overview UseĬlinical trials are lacking to support any pharmacological use. Scientific Name(s): Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link.Ĭommon Name(s): Bannal, Besenginaterkraut, Broom, Broom top, Ginsterkraut, Herba genistac scopariae, Herba spartii scoparii, Herbe de genet a balais, Hog weed, Irish broom top, Sarothamni herb, Scoparii cacumina, Scotch broom, Scotch broom top
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